In this paper, we have mapped out some of the most central connections between work and health. We have also described approaches that The California Wellness Foundation is using to improve health through employment-related strategies. Finally, we have identified some of the challenges we have experienced in this cross-disciplinary endeavor. We hope that through this paper and other products of the Work and Health Initiative, we can help build recognition of the profound connections between employment and health, the qualities of jobs that enhance health, and the influence of the economic environment on both work and health.